Change management models and processes

Change management models and processes I) Three major model of change: 1) Lewins Change Model 2) McKinsey 7-S Change Model Let go through these each model in brief†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1) Lewins change model: Kurt Lewin projected a three stage theory of change generally referred to as Unfreeze, Change, and Freeze. Stage 1: The first stage of Lewins change model is unfreeze, the stage is about being prepared for change, the model is trying to show that change is essential ,and we have to ready for change by putting all our present comfort and habits. This stage is about to make ready ourselves and other before the change. By putting Unfreeze Lewins want to say following things: Its about to understand others that change is required and its an essential process. Change requires overcoming from failure and for achieving better things for organization. Stage 2: The second stage is called as Change or Transition, in this stage people start to change they have many doubts and fear in their mind relating to change which is going to be occurring, at this stage they need all support, in the form of learning training guiding and support that mistake are the part and elements of this stage. This stage is about: To make change by putting out all traditional and odd things To being prepare for change Providing support in the form of training, guiding in the processes of change Stage 3: The third stage is called as Refreeze: At this stage people starts to use to with the changes which occurs in second stage, they start believing in change, refreezing may be a slow process as transition rarely stop cleanly, but go more in fits and starts with a long tail of bits and pieces. There are good and bad things about this. The apparent signs of the refreeze are a steady organization chart, reliable job descriptions, and so on. The refreeze stage also wants to help people and the organization internalize or institutionalize the changes. This means making sure that the changes are used all the time; and that they are incorporated into everyday business. With a new logic of constancy, staff feel positive and happy with the fresh ways of working. Advantages of Lewins change model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. It is a very simple and easy model to understand, by giving example of ice-cube Lewin;s very simply tried to understood this model. He puts three different stage to understand each stage like first stage unfreeze in which he try to understand about essentialness of changes, second stage changes in which people start to change towards new ideas, like policy procedure, rules and regulation, and third stage in which changes starts to give benefit. ii) Process for implementing change†¦ The Kotters introduce 8-steps process for implementing change Step One: Create Urgency For change to take place, it helps if the entire company really wants it. Develop a sense of urgency around the need for change. This may help you spark the initial motivation to get things moving. This isnt merely a matter of showing people poor sales figures or talking about enlarged rivalry. Open an honest and credible dialogue about whats happening in the marketplace and with your competition. If many people start talking about the change you propose, the urgency can build and feed on itself. What you can do: Classify possible fear, and expand scenarios viewing what could occur in the future. Look at opportunities that should be, or could be, oppressed. Start straightforward debate, and give energetic and realistic reasons to get people talking and thinking. Demand shore up from consumers, outside stakeholders and industry people to support your argument. Step Two: Form a Powerful Coalition Encourage people that change is essential. This may takes tough leadership and noticeable support from key people within your organization. Managing change isnt enough you have to lead it. In this step we can do following things Recognize the real leader in our organization. Work on team structure within your change coalition. To get know the different areas in which the team is weak, to find out the strength and its weakness.. Step Three: Create a Vision for Change In this stage, it is very essential to create a strong vision for change, to let people know why change is necessary, this is the process to about know what the benefits of change are, this clear vision will encourage them to prepare themselves for change In this step we have to do following things To make a clear and easy vision, to understand people the purpose of change To make a strategy for change. Step Four: Communicate the Vision Ones vision has been created its a essential to communicate that vision, means to watch out the plan, process and procedure properly working as per planning, things are going properly or not is the essential part of this process . We can do the following things in this step: Converse frequently about your change vision. Honestly and sincerely speak to peoples concerns and anxieties. Apply your vision to all aspects of operations from training to performance reviews. Tie everything back to the vision. Step Five: Remove Obstacles. In this step we have to identify the factors which are obstacles for change, to watch out all the activities in organization, to know whether things are going as plan or there is any barrier towards plan activity. Identify and reward people for making change happen. Recognize people who are resisting the change, and help them see whats needed. Take action to quickly remove barriers. Step Six: Create Short-term Wins Success motivates everyone, to make winning habits in staff, to make short term goal and try to achieve them first along with direction for long term goals To reward people for their achievement. To appreciate work To make weekly target instead of long term planning Step Seven: Build on the Change In this step we have to analyze the things, what went right and what went wrong in the process of change, to look after the area in which improvement is needed. After every win, examine what went correct and what requirements needed to improve. Set goals to continue construction on the impetus youve achieved. Keep thoughts fresh by bringing in new change agents and leaders for your change combination. Step Eight: Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture Make persist efforts to make sure that the change is seen in each and every part of your organization. This will help give that change a solid place in your organizations culture. Consist of the change principles and ethics when hiring and training new staff. Publicly recognize key members of your original change coalition, and make sure the rest of the staff new and old remembers their contributions. Create plans to replace key leaders of change as they move on. This will help ensure that their legacy is not lost or forgotten. iii) Why people resist change†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1) Fear: The most important factor for which people resist change is fear, fear of unknown they dont know about changes, thats why they started to fear, for example if the labor company announce changes that now they will take more use of computers to improve their techniques it certainly creates fear on present employees who dont know how to use it and they start to resist about the changes. 2) Comfort: This is also one of the reason for which people resist change, because they do not want to leave their present comfort, they think that if change occurs than they have to work more hard for getting things done..for example if company announce that marketing department now have to achieve weekly sales target than certainly the present employees have to work more hard and hence they might resist it. 3)Lack of trust: This is one the reason people resist change, if people havent trust or faith on changes or idea than they start to resist changes, for example if the employees of the company do not have trust on their manager capability than they create doubts on employee mind and hence they do not trust him. 4) Dont know about changes: one of the reason people resists changes because people dont know about changes, they dont know about their importance, they dont know how they going to benefit them, they have not any kind of idea regarding to changes, for example †¦.if company announce incentive system for their employees instead of fixed salary than employee start to oppose it even they have a chances to get benefited by high incentive system, all these because of lack of knowledge. 5) Dont trust on their capabilities: This is one of the reason why people resist changes because they have doubts on their capabilities, they dont think that they will able to make adjustment. IV. I recommended Lewins change model is best to use for a change management model because of its simple description, by giving example in three stages Lewins very simply described about his three stage change model, the three stage process includes unfreeze, change, and refreeze. http://www.mindtools.com/media/Diagrams/Lewin.gif Reason for recommendation of above model: As we can see in diagram the lewins very simply gave example based on ice about three stage change†¦.figure one described as a unfreeze in which there is a picture of large ice cube by which Lewins try to say at first stage people are very use to their routine works and very happy to do work with their old and traditional techniques, even though if they know this techniques is not very useful or worthless for goodwill of the company, but as they very use to with that method of work they denied change, for example if a patient of village very use to with homeopathy and naturopathy treatment which is referred by doctor at old times than certainly that patient denied to do surgery and operation for his illness which was recommend by doctor at modern times so its hard to convince them about the benefit of latest technology of health improvement same the case applies here, in this stage the task is to convince people of change them and to tur n them to modern techniques which can be beneficial and useful to them. The second figure show that the large ice-cube turns to round shaped ice-cube, which change its shape, by this Lewins tried to say in this stage that this stage is about change, change from rigid structure towards the new one as we can see in the figure that ice-cube change its shape to round structure, so that people start to change themselves and have to come out with adapting new ideas, knowledge, and techniques which would be more beneficial and successful for both for organization and also for themselves. To start adopting new ideas ,and technology of work by coming out from old ones , like for example the company make change in their timing to start their work from 10 clock to early 8pm so that employee get more time to done their task and can achieve high incentive , which is profitable to both employees and the company as well but at a certain period of time employee also have to be aware of benefit from the situation otherwise it will create doubts on their mind regarding to changes like they have work more hard in lesser wages so might they dont prefer it, at this time they require more proper guidance, knowledge and training regarding to changes so this change can be worth full for the company, at this time people are learning new things and adapting new ways in their work so they require all the support , training from their supervisor. The third figure shows the stability from the 3rd figure we can see the steady ice-triangle by which Lewins try to show the refreeze model, means once the change has been made in second stage now the people accepted those changes as per their new routines and norm now they started to accept that changes as per their daily routine work for example they start to find them comfortable with the new timings , new incentive base system, new product and procedure of the company, things are going easily for them as they know what to do , so the task is to fellow this procedure and practice properly for easy going. Advantages and disadvantages of this model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Lewins change model is very simple and easy to understand, its shown in three simple stages, so the company till using this model. In unfreeze process Lewin,s show that company needs changes, which can be done by Motivating employee towards the change, which called sense of urgency towards change, it use Simple language. Role of leader in particular change model: The leader must have to make afford to motivate his employee towards new changes The leadership must adopt training and guiding process for employee in order to get them ready for change. They have to create an appropriate plan and to work upon that, like for example if they want to increase their sale than they have to work upon marketing and advertising skills so that they can achieve their sales target. Once the change has been made leader has use his techniques and qualities like providing training and guiding to their employee, so they can work well. Change strategies †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The following steps are to be taken for change strategies Recruitment on the basis of qualification, for example if someone need in marketing sector than the guys must be take on the qualification base on marketing, the person who has marketing subject or degree on it, if needs in administration than prefer more to MBA student so this can create specialization which is good for a company. Use of the techniques which is essential for company , like if there is more administration work than there should more computer place in the company so that work flow can go easy and good To develop training programs for their new employee, to know about the company well to be aware of all its process and procedure so when they start their real work they dont feel unnecessary burden on them. Interview system, to modify it so that right people can select for right position, like for example if person have to select for account position than interview must conduct on accounting basis instead of testing his or her general knowledge.

1960’s Fashion

Choose any decade in recent history and describe how ‘Style’ defined the period- 1960’s Emergence from the devastation that hit Britain during the Second World War, Britain in the 60’s was one that broke many fashion traditions, generated new social movements and defined the period with its style. â€Å"There was to be an end to the age of shoddy, to the post-war period of ‘making do’†¦ swinging London was confident enough now to wage a war of independence. † (Jackson, 1998 p35)The post war industrial boom was affecting lifestyles and in particular, it was the the Youth culture that benefitted mostly from this shift in movement. There was emphasis on the youth and ‘The Look’ that began to displace the ‘New look’ of the post war period. Becoming more open minded, independent and culturally aware were all things that the youth began to adopt, along with disposable income. Benefits from the post war industrial boom encouraged this new attitude towards money and the way it could be spent. †¦commercial success stories, many related to retailing of one sort of another, with fashion and home furnishings being at the fore front of the consumer revolution. Because this was a time of virtually full employment and economic prosperity, consumers had more money to spend than ever before. † (Jackson, 1998, p35) The style and attitude towards fashion had changed, and it became a passion rather then a necessity. Music in the 60’s had a strong influential bond with fashion and style that had never been so closely linked.This unison created distinctive style of dress, developing from Beatnik, Teddy Boys and Mods. The attitude towards style had become very open and people began to gain confidence in their own development of sense of style. â€Å"†¦ music and attitudes that could be understood at a glance. And the freedom that fashion allowed in the sixties meant that everyone cou ld dress up. † (Connikie, 1990, p7) The Beatles were the band that represented the forefront of men’s fashion. They developed styles for each new record release and in 1963 they had portrayed the distinctive collarless Cardin Suits and collar-length hair.This recognisable hair cut became instantly noticeable in the youth culture. â€Å"†¦became a universal sign of rebellious youth. † (Connikie, 1990, p36) The Beatles also adopted a similarity to the â€Å"mod’ style, however denied connections with the culture as they wanted to appeal to all, the music and the culture both interrupted Britain at the similar time. Before the Mods culture emerged in Britain, former sub cultures such as Teddy Boys built the bridges to allow people to challenge style and create a culture.Teddy boys also lead the way for a growing male interest in fashion, making it socially acceptable. â€Å"†¦male interest in fashion in Britain was mostly associated with the under ground homosexual subculture’s flamboyant dressing styles† (Mod subculture, website, 2010) These cultures would have developed from the New Romantics as they became more out spoken and familiar. As the subcultures faded in the early 1960’s, the Mod style, short for ‘Moderns’ were prime examples of what the Swinging Sixties were classed as: youth, mobility, fashion and a strong interest in music.The majority of people who adopted this culture were young adults. The styles included; the Harrington jacket, Fishtail green parka, polo shirts, turtle necks, roll necks, slim fitting, high collared shirts, loafers, dessert boots, tailored 60’s jacket and straight leg trouser or jeans. They would drive scooters as it was an easy accessible mode of transport, it became a distinctive part of the culture, all based around style and the overall look. The attitudes around this culture was desirable to the youth but could be described as troublesome for othe rs.Rifts between the Mods and Rockers caused public display of violence in Brighton 1964, the riot scene was recreated in the film ‘Quadrophenia’, produced by the classic cult band of the period, The Who, who were popular with the Mods. Mods were seen as usually city dwellers with well paid office jobs and looked presentable, whereas Rockers tended to be rural, and classed as out of touch, oafish and grubby. This style clash shows the importance of the cults and how important being united together was.It also shows how influential style could become. Styles changed slightly throughout the Mod culture and it adopted a new Italian/ French style, introduced a smooth, sophisticated look that enhanced the tailor made feel. Crew necks, pointed toe leather shoes were a few additions to the culture. Due to this style, a period of pushing boundaries and experimentation was nigh. The use of recreational drugs was something that the culture influenced. Nicknamed ‘purple hear ts’ Mods would use the drug when out at night to get a buzz and stimulation. Mods used amphetamines to extend their leisure time into the early hours of the morning and as a way of bridging the wide gap between their hostile and daunting everyday work lives and the ‘inner world’ of dancing and dressing up in their off-hours. † (Mod subculture, website, 2011) Some male Mods experimented with challenging the social gender norms by wearing makeup to enhance their appearance and women began to substitute an androgynous style of wearing clothes. Hair was being cut short, the wear of men’s garments and little make up worn.This obsession Mods had with clothes and styles allowed acceptance to the idea of experimentation and added a sense of rebellion to social norms. Attitudes towards women in the Mod culture were also influential, young mod men accepted the idea that women did not have to be attached to a man and that they can become independent and have a source of income etc. This presentable image was said to make non-subculture aspects of life easier and more equal to that of the male Mods.Miniskirts defined the period of change in the attitude towards the length of women’s clothing and how much reveal is accepted. This initial style pushed the boundaries and as a result has changed the attitude ever since. â€Å"Female Mods pushed the boundaries if parental tolerance with their miniskirts, which got progressively shorter between the early and mid 1960’s† (Mods subculture, website, 2011) Models such as Twiggy and Jean Shrimpton were pinnacle to the fashion industry during the 1960’s.They promoted and exposed the new changing styles across the world, and in tern became a face of the period. Their style defined the period and Twiggy’s famous face is one that we automatically link to that of the 60’s. â€Å"With her waif like figure, boyish hair cut and striking eye lashes she created an ima ge that would epitomise an era. Twiggy became the idol for millions of teenage girls of the sixties revolution. † (Twiggy Lawson, website, 2008) She was one of the first supermodels and was/is an icon of the period.Mary Quant, a quintessential designer in the 60’s, made keeping up with trends inexpensive and accessible to all young girls in the period. She popularised the mini skirt and became essential for developing the Mod-girl image. She also became a defining person of the 1960’s and changed shopping experiences and attitudes to style by opening up a divergent store offering new cutting edge and orginal designs. These hand tailored designs had became desirable as each one was unique and became very popular with the youth culture. Design alone could not have brought about the revolution in taste and lifestyle that happened during the 1960’s’ the key figure of the decade were the popularisers, those who actively and directly promoted ‘the l ook’ and made it available to a mass audience. † (Jackson, 1998, p36) The British youth fashion was a lucrative market and Quant along with partner Alexander Plunket Greene opened a retail store in the Kings road called Bazaar. She designed and edited garments that became very desirable to the youth culture as it was accessible and new, in creating this idea Quant became a brand in herself.Mods were very conscious about clothing and buying the classic items. Gaining inspiration from the cults, Quant enhanced the promotion of them. In 1965 she wrote â€Å"It is the Mods†¦ who gave the dress trade the impetus to break through the fast-moving, breathtaking, uprooting revolution in which we have been a part since the opening of Bazaar. † (Jackson, 1998, p43) This shows that style generated by cults, were particularly a large influence to help define the period and possible retail future. ’The Look’ which she created was part of a wider movement enc ompassing photography, graphics and pop music along with domestic design, she was keenly aware of the significance of fashion in particular in pioneering change, and in leading and defining a shift in social attitudes. â€Å" (Jackson, 1998, p43) the attitudes had become more relaxed and people wanted this to be shown through what they wear. Their attitude towards the clothes themselves and the idea of spending money had also changed. Because this was a time of virtually full employment and economic prosperity, consumers had more money to spend then ever before. † (Jackson, 1998, p35) Along with this designer, the male revolution and attitude towards style had also changed and shopping as an experience was one that in particular men enjoyed to. John Stephen owned 10 stores down Carnaby Street by 1966. Each store had a different feel and different name. These stores became a busy, exciting place to go and shopping became a leisurely past time, where as before it was a necessit y-based experience.This encouraged the Mods, and people became to buy into the lifestyle they lead. These stores were the first to play music, allowing dancing, trying on, alterations and became a desired social experience. ‘Swinging London in 1966, what people were most interested in was shopping†¦ Shopping became a primary leisure activity for young people, along with watching television and listening to pop music. Shopping was also an avenue for the expression of popular culture, both in terms of what was now being sold, and through the way shops were designed. ’ (Jackson, 1998, p36) â€Å"That the fashion for shopping was perceived as being central to the revitalization of design in Britain†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Carnaby street’ was widely used as a generic term for a particular type of design: brash, brightly coloured, with highly decorated surfaces, including the ubiquitous union jack. † (Jackson, 1998, p37) Carnaby street developed into a ‘virtual fashion parade’ (1960’s in Fashion, website, 2011) and said to sell not only clothes but also an attitude and was a key characteristic of innovation, iconoclasm and fun. They echoed the prevailing spirit of sexual and political revolution†¦. Carnaby Street became synonymous with the idea of Swinging London. Using the skills of established Soho ‘rag trade’, it sold relatively inexpensive, trend-driven merchandise that mirrored contemporary changes in society and culture. † (V&A, Fashion in 1960’s, website, N. D) And was said to have ‘pulled the rug from under contemporary or modern† (Hillier, 1998, p188) This generated look and concept about shopping was seen as an enjoyable past time was a desirable experience from other countries outside Britain.The consumer revolution had given Britain a new look, Post war â€Å"Britain shed it fusty, olde-worlde image, and ‘swinging London’, with it Beatlemania and Rolling St ones, its Carnaby Street and mini-skirts and Chelsea boutiques, became a world influence in lifestyle and fashion. † (Hillier, 1998, p162) This defines the power Britain had to influence style in other countries, it was gaining a name in fashion and beginning to become a culture associated with Britain. The term ‘Youthquake’ was used to describe the shift in attitudes towards style and shopping.It had defined the prosperity of future Britain and therefore defined this period as a statement that is very eminent. There was a consumer revolution as shopping experiences changed. â€Å"The restrictive conventions and judgemental attitude of earlier decades were challenged†¦ shopping had a major impact on peoples lifestyles: by making available goods that people had never seen before. † (Jackson, 1998, p36) Lifestyle shops such as Habitat were introuced, they were pinnacle to defining the period and the consumer revolution.They had created a place where peop le would desire the lifestyle and living accommodations that they created visually instore. Mary Quant had influenced Terrence Conran, the founder of Habitat, as he admired young fashion designers that had challenged the norms and had drawn attention to the new market. Habitat was said to be â€Å"probably the single most important domestic design phenomenon in Britain during the 1960s. † (Jackson, 1998, p49). Habitat was recognised across seas that had inspired particularly Americans and Scandinavians to change the way of retail and style. †¦in 1966 that the international media suddenly discovered the London ‘scene’ and decided that Britain has got ‘the look’ which the rest of the world wanted. † (Jackson, 1998, p40) Pivital to this revolution was originally the Cult styles founded by the youth culture. Cult styles changed rapidly in the 1960’s, but had almost defined the period due to the influence they had caused. Due to constant shifts in style the Mods in particular had drifted away due to the changing styles, such as the Hippys. The ‘harder’ moderns were rougher and became the first ‘skinheads’, another style interpreting the period.The consumer boom was very important in defining the period and this was lead on from the styles, the ever-changing youth Cults had created throughout the 1960’s. These styles had influenced many revolutions such as breaking social norms, effecting shopping styles among other things. Style has definitely defined the period as Britain was out of the war and ready for a new social boom, style has become instantly recognizable to the period. The cults are still guiding design now, and we recognise the period due to the style and design movements there were.Retail and designers both use influences from periods in time and the Cult styles are reborn. Designers such as Fred Perry have adopted influences from the Mod culture with their polo shirts an d jackets; this look is very widespread and has almost re created the culture in the sense that the style becomes very popular. This is available to see throughout fashion and retail and the period is still defined by the style created by the youth culture. Vintage fashion has become very apparent and people are beginning to mock different eras to show individuality. This shows the style defining periods are very much important today.

Causes and Ways to Reduce Fatal Accidents

Accidents involving fatalities during the festive seasons has increased drastically. We should take this as a serious matter as it brings a lot of negative impacts to the road users and people around us. Based on a survey which has been conducted recently, the number of road accidents in 2013 has increased about 25 percent compared to last few years. Authorities believe that the number of death toll in road accidents will increase continuously throughout the year if there is no strict rules are imposed.There are many reasons why there has been an increase in fatal accidents over the year. Firstly, drunk drinking is the main reason that causes road accidents. Intake of certain amount of alcoholic drinks will make one feel unconscious and unwell. When he or she lapses into unconsciousness, he or she might not be able to drive with a sober mind. This is because their mental power is unable to function well at that moment and they tend to lose their senses as well . Besides that, neglige nce and reckless driving also cause fatal accidents.Reckless rivers usually like to break rules and even tend to challenge the police officers. Some the drivers like to tail along ambulances during emergency cases when the siren is on. Those are the irresponsible road users that should be suspended or fined . On the other hand, talking or messaging on the mobile phones while during driving is Jeopardizing your own life and the lives of your loved ones. People like to use their phones to chat incessantly and keep looking at their phones every second. Sometimes, we should limit oneself not overuse it especially when you are driving.Road users should always be caution and pay full attention while behind the wheels. In addition, exhaustion and tiredness can cause road tragedy. When a person travels long distance to reach the respective destinations, they will feel drowsy and exhausted which make them to lose focus on driving. Some of them even fall asleep behind the steering wheel. In o rder to avoid any untoward tragedy, one should get enough rest before starting your Jorney. Also, do not take any medicine while driving on the road. There are many ways to overcome the fatal incidents.Government should remind all road users to always adhere to speed limit and not to beat the red light. Observation of traffic rules and regulations will ensure a safe Journey. Government should also launch some campaigns in order to develop awareness among the motorists. In a nutshell, all parties should play their parts efficiently in order to reduce the road accidents. A I Malaysian drivers are urged to practice courtesy and consideration at all times while on the road because millions of vehicles will be sharing the same road. Remember, better to be safe than sorry.

Paper on “Evaluating Company Resources and Competitive Position”

Paper on â€Å"Evaluating Company Resources and Competitive Position† Discuss whether this company?s financial performance improved, remained the same, or worsened during the time period you examined. The financial performances of the Netflix Company improved between the periods of the two years, 2011 to 2011. The financial performances of the Netflix firm improved because of the increase in the number of sales. The sales related to the purchases of the movies and other film related accessory appreciated. This implies that the firm was capable to obtain an incensement in the profitable margin of the industry. The increase for sales was attributed by the fact that the number of the customers purchasing the commodities also increased. The management on a plan to increase the sales decided to introduce a discount plan that was given to the customers (Pride Ferrell, 2012). The discount plan was to be granted to all the consumers that were willing to purchase certain commodities from the Netflix firm. All the customers that were to purchase the commodities above a given price were to obtain the discount. Is this firm at a cost advantage or disadvantage relative to competitors in the industry? The firm, Netflix, is at a Cost Advantage to competitors since it is making more profitable gain than the other industries in the movie industry. The competitors such as the HBO, which is, also a worldwide known company is unable to compete with the Netflix firm because of the difference in the financials. The two organizations are unable to compete because of the increase in the financial profitable margin difference. Apparently, the Netflix firm is making profitable returns from the sales in the movie industry (Afuah, 2009). The increment in the sales of the Netflix organization is attributed by the marketing strategies of the firm. The firm is currently denoted to satisfy the customers’ demands and preferences in the readily available marketplaces of viewers. Based on research on this company, create a SWOT analysis. How is your SWOT analysis aligned with your financial analysis? The SWOT analysis of the Netflix firm is based on the strengths that are supporting entities to the success of the firm. One of the key strengths of the Netflix is that it has loyal customers that continuously purchase commodities from the firm. The loyal customers also contribute to the increase in the number of the customers that purchase the products and services offered by the Netflix firm (Goldfayn, 2011). The weakness of the Netflix firm is lack of the steady management that is willing to provide the firm the innovative market strategies. The management of the Netflix firm lacks the appropriate marketing manager. This is for the key reason that most of the firm is filled with the operating managers that ensure that the firm is progressing effectively. The opportunity of the Netflix firm is that the organization can still invest in other products that will increase the movie selling industry. For instance, the organizations might decide to produce other products that are related to the movie industry such as the empty DVD and compact disks and purchase them to the customers (Goldfayn, 2011). Such products will definitely increase the sales of the organizations. The threat of the Netflix organization is the increase in the number of the film industries that produce and purchase film related accessories. The emerging number of the film industries is what attributed to the threats that are facing the movie industry. The SWOT analysis is aligned to the financial analysis since the strengths reveals in increase in the profitable margins.

Physical Development Essay - 1519 Words

By the time a child enters school, aged 5, they are able to execute numerous fine motor skills that allow them to perform many activates to learn and succeed at school. When most people think of their child’s growth and development they can remember the ages at which their child first rolled, crawled, or walked. How many can recall the age at which they picked up small items between their thumb and index finger, or transferred objects from one hand to another? This is the beginning of motor development. Fine motor skills are the collected skills and activities involved using the hands and fingers . Fine motor skills are those skills that require the small muscles of the hand to work together to form precise and refined movements. . It’s†¦show more content†¦Noise, especially loud load noises can impede children’s physical development. According to researchers at Cornell University â€Å"Studies on children living near airports or in noisy urban environments showed delayed development of co ordination and motor skills..... Excessive noise can create a state of distress that hinders children’s developmental progress† (Environmental Influences on Physical Child Development/eHow.com) Good nutrition starts at birth and should be maintained for life. Schools offer improved menus in school canteens to promote healthy eating which aids in the development of fine and gross motor skills. Curriculum now includes educating children from a young age about good nutrition. â€Å"Nutrition affects all aspects of physical well being, including their energy levels, growth, and ability to concentrate.† McDevitt and Ormrod (2010) Children need physical activities to grow. Teachers should program regular exercise breaks and games that encourage physical activity. These exercises should be enjoyable and challenging to the child. They should allow the child to improve at their level rather than competitive at this stage. Improving at their level increases self esteem. Students should participate in daily physical activities that promote development of fundamental movement as children who are unable to do simple gross motor movement often have problems performing fine motor skills (teacher observation). TheseShow MoreRelatedPhysical Development Essay850 Words   |  4 Pageshe site is located in Derby, and situated within the clear boundary created by St Alkmund’s Way, River Derwent Exeter Street, it is an area of high interest given the proximity to the city centre making it an attractive opportunity for development. A variety of well integrated connections are an essential key to the success of the area making it a viable space to live, work and commute to/from. First of all we need to establish what connections are.â€Å"What is meant by the Connections? 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Descriptive Essay Apples And Oranges - 1748 Words

I’d like to start off with how I came to choose the topic for this paper. I thought about choosing a simple topic to make it easier to write. When you think about comparing and contrasting, the phrase â€Å"apples and oranges† might come to mind. I thought about using apples and oranges, but in the end I chose to stick with what I know. I chose the age old sibling rivalry of the military, or more specifically, the Army and the Airforce. Being a part of an organization in the military is always going to cause you to be biased against the others. You believe that your branch is best, due to the pride that you feel from being a member of it. There has been many an argument, even the occasional bar fight, to try and discern where the superiority lies. I can say from experience though, that this has certainly lessened in recent years. The current situation in certain parts of the world has caused the different branches to work together much more closely. 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Reforms Required To Australian Tax System -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Reforms Required To Australian Tax System? Answer: Introduction In order to keep up with the changing trends and customer demands and expectations the companies or business entities have to continuously look for ways to improve the quality of their product and the method of production. In pursuance of achievement of this objective they indulge themselves in lot of research and development activities. Research and development activities enable the companies to stay ahead of its competitors by maintaining a competitive edge over them. The product or method of production developed by the company through its research activities not only helps the company but the entire society at large. For e.g. if a notebook company develops a way of whitening its paper without the use of harmful chemicals like chlorine, it will not only help the company in improving its method of production but also the society at large by reducing the chemical pollution (Braithwaite 2017). However, these activities often involve huge costs including significant capital expenditure s. In order to promote research and development activities by the companies the statute has provided many tax incentives in respect of expenditure incurred on this behalf. This document deals with the various taxation-law incentives given by the statute and the conditions that are required to be fulfilled in order to avail them. Definition of RD: The activities undertaken within the ambit of research and development are very much of investigative nature. It is an effort to improve the quality of the existing products of the company or to develop some new products in order to provide the customer with better experience. The company through its research activities tries its level best to utilise its present capacity of production to deliver the best product possible (Smith et al. 2016). Tax Incentives Provided: In respect of the allowed research and development expenditure incurred by the company before 1st July is to the extent of 125 %. There are certain cases in which the tax incentives can be received to an extent of 175%. The statute has provided various tax incentives in respect of research and development in order to motivate the companies to undertake increased amount of research and development activities (O'Connell and Young 2017). The RD concessions have about two constituents: For the companies having a turnover of less than $20 million a refundable tax offset of 43.5% is allowed if the company is eligible for RD incentive. For all the eligible entities a non-refundable tax offset of 38.5% is allowed. The RD tax offset earlier offered has been reduced by the statute to 30%, applicable from 1st July 2004 till 1st July 2024. Tax implication of the incentives: Better operating efficiency of the business: While engaging itself in research and development activities the companies generally find for themselves a new product or method of production that proves to be significantly better than the former. For e.g. if the company develops and implements an automatic inventory management systems that is run by robots running on predefined paths, it will not have to bear the brunt of theft losses or damages due to human error or invest time managing the inventory rather than producing the product. These kinds of innovative research and development activities improve the operating efficiency of the company (Richardson et al. 2014). Improved Business Performance: In addition to improving the operating efficiency of the company the research and development activities also leave their mark on the financial performance of the company. A company that uses the latest and innovative ideas in conducting its business operation is able to deliver a better quality product than its competitors and accordingly maintains a competitive advantage over them. This increases the revenue of the company thereby creating wealth for the shareholders in the long run. Furthermore by application of improved method of production the company is able to reduce its cost of production significantly thereby creating a catapulting effect for its profits (Gambiza and Pinto 2016). Proper maintenance of books and records: The tax incentives incidentally have improved the accountability of the companies by making it a necessary to maintain proper records in order to avail the tax incentives. In order to comply and establish the compliance of all the conditions given out in the statute the companies have to maintain proper books and records. This has strengthened the faith of the shareholders on the financial statements of the company (Evans et al. 2015). Increment in the research activities: The incentives have significantly reduced the cost of research and development activities undertaken by the entities. Due to this reduction in the costs the companies are encouraged to invest in research related activities in order to improve the quality of their product or the method of production (Webster and Agustinos 2014). Following are the provisions laid down by the tax laws: Only the companies that ensure compliance with all the conditions laid down by the statute in tax laws will be able to enjoy the benefits of tax laws. Many conditions are needed to be fulfilled by the companies in order to get the tax incentives. The cost reduction and other benefits provided by the tax incentives have made the companies aware about the importance of compliance with the provisions of ITAA 1936. Non-compliance with any of the condition will make the company susceptible to losing the tax incentives. The companies in the recent times have started to follow the provisions in letter and spirit (Snape and De Souza 2016). Relevant rules of taxation: There are several conditions laid down in the INCOME TAX ASSESSMENT ACT 1936 which have to be followed in order to avail the tax incentives. It also clearly specifies the nature of expenditures in respect of which the company can claim the tax incentives. TR 92/2 is the specific ruling that deals with the conditions or provisions for tax incentive that can be availed by the companies in respect of research and development activities. This ruling specifies the exact expenditures that the companies are allowed to deduct from their total income to arrive at the taxable income for the year under section 73A of Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Tran-Nam 2016). The sub section 1 of the section 73A lays down a general ruling that the expenditures that have been allowed as deduction under other sections will not be allowed as deduction under this section. Furthermore, the section adds that the expenditures incurred by the companies must enable them to increase their revenues failing which the same will not be allowed as deduction. In other words, only business related expenditures will be allowed as deduction. The expenditures that have been made allowable as deduction by the ruling are as follows: Any amount that has been paid to an approved research institute for carrying out research activities on the behalf of the company. Contribution has been made by the company to an approved research institute to carry out research activity in the field to which the business activities of the company belong to (Burns et al. 2016). However there are no conditions regarding the place where the research activities have to be undertaken. They may take place in the premises of the approved research institute to which the contribution has been made or in the premises of the company. It should be noted that both kind of expenditures relate to the amounts contributed by the companies to an approved research institute for carrying out research activities on their behalf (Taylor et al. 2015). The companies which fulfil certain criteria also get incentive in respect of the capital expenditure incurred by them. The companies will get exemption for the capital expenditures incurred by them only if the expenditures are not incurred for the following purposes: Expenditures incurred for purchase of plant and machinery for the purpose of conducting research activities within the organisation. Expenditure incurred to acquire land and building or, Changes such as addition, extension or alteration have been made to the existing land and building of the company. Hence, it is made clear that the companies must incur the capital expenditures for the above mentioned purposes in order to be eligible for the tax incentives. The types of expenditure incurred by the companies with respect to research and development have been divided into four categories (Peiros and Smyth 2017). These categories make it simple to understand the nature of the expenditure in order to gauge the implication of the ruling on them and whether they will qualify for the exemptions or not. The categories are as follow: Contributions made to an approved research institute to carry out research activities on behalf of the company. Companies undertaking capital expenditures to undertake research activities by itself. Expenditure incurred by the company for the purpose of purchasing plant and machinery to carry out research activities by itself. Expenditure incurred by the company for purchasing land and building for the purpose of carrying out research activities by itself. But, it must be noted that though, all the categories have been mentioned in TR 92/2 it lays down provisions for only top 2 categories i.e. contribution made to an approved research institute and capital expenditures incurred by the company for the purpose of carrying out research activities (Wrigley and Crawford 2017). The various tax incentives with respect to the expenditures mentioned above are given to the companies to motivate them and instil in them the habit of maintenance of product quality and also improving it overtime. It is done so that the company makes sure that while conducting their business operations the company maintains the highest standards of product quality (Jallow 2016). While claiming deductions the company must keep in mind that deduction will be available for the expenditures to the extent they are incurred for the purpose of increasing the revenue generating capacity of the entity. The expenditures must be marketing by keeping in mind that they will generate value for the entity in the long run. This stipulation was put in place to ensure that the companies are serious about the kind of expenditure they make and the results they get from them (Harrison and Keating 2014). The purpose of the tax incentives was to promote the culture of scientific innovation and development of the society at large adoption of methods that would help the entities to earn more profits but, at the same time will protect the environment and create value for the society. If the entities are only focussed on incurring the expenditure for the sole motive of availing the tax incentives it will violate the purpose of tax incentives. The various implications of the tax incent ive ensure that the companies become more efficient and accountable at the same time while creating value for themselves and the shareholders of the company (James et al. 2015). Conclusion: In making this report a detailed study of the various provisions of the section 73 A of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 along with the ruling TR 92/2 has been undertaken. A complete analysis of the implications is made. Some of the important impacts that it has made on the operations of the business are proper maintenance of the books and records by the company, increase in the operating efficiency of the company, improvement in the financial performance of the company and also reduction in its total taxable income by virtue of deductions allowed in respect of the expenditure in assessing the total income of the company. Based on the implications that it has on the functioning of the companies and its financial performance it can be rightly said that the tax incentives have affected the business entities significantly and positively at the same time. The only matter that the company must ensure is that they incur the expenditures with a motive of creating value for the business in the long run. They must be focussed towards enhancing the quality of their existing products or bringing new and improved products to the market to provide the customer with maximum satisfaction. There motive for incurring the expenditures should not be to avail the tax incentives otherwise it will violate the very purpose for which it is given to them. The companies also need to abide by all the conditions laid down by the statue to avail the tax incentives. Reference Braithwaite, V. ed., 2017.Taxing democracy: Understanding tax avoidance and evasion. Routledge. Burns, L., Le Leuch, H. and Sunley, E.M., 2016. 7 Taxing gains on transfer of interest.International Taxation and the Nursing Industries: Resources Without Borders,132, p.160. Evans, C., Minas, J. and Lim, Y., 2015. Taxing personal capital gains in Australia: an alternative way forward. Gambiza, T.M. and Pinto, D., 2016. Sharing the rides but are we sharing the profits?.Tax Specialist,19(5), p.187. Harrison, J. and Keating, M., 2014. The deductibility of Sarbanes-Oxley costs incurred by Australasian companies.Accounting Research Journal,27(1), pp.52-70. Jallow, A., 2016. Demystifying the Ontology of Taxation Rulings in the Gambia: Issues and Challenges. James, S., Sawyer, A., Wallschutzky, I. (2015). Tax simplification: A review of initiatives in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.eJournal of Tax Research,13(1), 280. O'Connell, G. and Young, A., 2017. Alternative assets insights: The future of stapled structures.Taxation in Australia,51(11), p.635. Peiros, K. and Smyth, C., 2017. Successful succession: Tax treatment of executor's commission.Taxation in Australia,51(7), p.394. Richardson, G., Taylor, G. and Wright, C.S., 2014. Corporate profiling of tax-malfeasance: A theoretical and empirical assessment of tax-audited Australian firms.eJournal of Tax Research,12(2), p.359. Smith, F., Smillie, K., Fitzsimons, J., Lindsay, B., Wells, G., Marles, V., Hutchinson, J., OHara, B., Perrigo, T. and Atkinson, I., 2016. Reforms required to the Australian tax system to improve biodiversity conservation on private land.Environmental and planning law journal,33(5), pp.443-450. Snape, J. and De Souza, J., 2016.Environmental taxation law: policy, contexts and practice. Routledge. Taylor, G., Richardson, G. and Taplin, R., 2015. Determinants of tax haven utilization: evidence from Australian firms. Accounting Finance,55(2), pp.545-574. Tran-Nam, B., 2016. Tax Reform and Tax Simplification: Conceptual and Measurement Issues and Australian Experiences. InThe Complexity of Tax Simplification(pp. 11-44). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Webster, K. and Agustinos, N., 2014. Tackling base erosion and profit shifting through enhanced information exchange.J. Austl. Tax'n,16, p.108. Wrigley, K. and Crawford, R.H., 2017. Identifying policy solutions for improving the energy efficiency of rental properties.Energy Policy,108, pp.369-378.